Xerxes I of Persia, also known as Xerxes the Great, (519–465 BC) was a Zoroastrian Persian Shahanshah (Emperor) of Achaemenid Empire. It was Xerxes who sought to bring the various Greek city-states to heel, launching an invasion in 480 BC. Despite initially gaining the upper-hand, Xerxes' forces were eventually driven back by the Greeks, and Xerxes returned to Persia. He was murdered in 465 BC.